Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. The sumerians: Their history, culture and character. Central Asian village at the dawn of civilization, excavation at anau, Türkmenistan.
Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society, 62, 423-442. Jeitun: Recent excavations at an early Neolithic site in Southern Türkmenistan. Ancient sumeria, The University of California, 1980-2003. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Ĭampbell, J. Ancient history of arbins, bearers of Haplogroup R1b, from CENTRAL Asia to Europe, 16,000 to 1500 years before Present. Thesis, Università Degli Studi di Torino, Torino. Ion and electron microscopy for the characterization of materials of archaeological, historical and artistic interest: Determination of the provenance of lapis lazuli used for glyptic art. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 80, 759-768. Mitochondrial DNA variation of modern Tuscans supports the near eastern origin of Etruscans. The Sumerians initial migration presumably began with a persistent drought in their original homeland, that eventually forced them to abandon their home migrate and resettle in the southern fertile lands of the Middle East between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers and eventually further south near the banks of Nile River in north east Africa.Īchilli, A., Olivieri, A., Pala, M. This analysis and conclusion are based on “multiple independent factors”: current archeological excavations, the uniqueness of metamorphic lapis lazuli as a stone and over 6000 years of lapis lazuli mining at a fixed location (absolutely necessary requirements for the origin of strong lapis mythology) and current credible biogeographic DNA evidence and the distribution of R1b haplogroup of “Arbins”, as recently described by Dr. The only possible and provable location of their original homeland, “based on the analysis” is between the Caspian Sea and the Hindu Kush and Kopet Mountains, which is in Turkmenistan. The uniqueness of the lapis mine location in the Hindu Kush Mountains and the unique (fingerprint) trace element and other physical characteristics of this metamorphic sacred blue stone of the Sumerians are the primary points of focus.
Four different points regarding the current known archeological evidence are evaluated separately, and the Sumerians’ unique and strongly sacred mythological beliefs related to the lapis lazuli stone and the myth’s origin are analyzed. Who were the Sumerians? Where did they originate? For those who are not familiar with this remarkable, resourceful and intelligent people, who not only invented writing but also established the true mythological foundations of all main religions of the world, simply put, they taught us almost everything.
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